Inventory Model for COVID-19 Medicine under Carbon Emissions Sensitive Demand

In the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, there is another challenge to face: how to effectively dispense some medicines (like Remdesivir injection) amongst the multitudes to quickly achieve immunity against the corona infection. To overcome this situation, researchers and doctors are continuously active. This result into infected people get recovered. In this context, nations are now getting ready to face one more big challenge that is increases biomedical waste which causes carbon emissions. Since spoilage and deterioration results into a significant loss in medicines which hampers consumer’s satisfaction level as well affect the green environment. Keeping this in mind, the proposed article is addressed for an inventory model with carbon emissions sensitive demand which is a more realistic assumption and carbon tax policy is levied to diminish carbon emissions. A non-linear formulation is revealed with an objective to determine the optimum cycle length as to minimize total cost. The validity of the proposed model is demonstrated by presenting a numerical example. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to verify its factual practice. © 2021, International Forum of Management Scholars. All rights reserved.

Investigation of carbon emissions due to COVID-19 vaccine inventory

Inventory model for vaccine of COVID-19 pandemic is the subject of analysis in the proposed article. The initial registration for vaccination and vaccination of registered individuals is taken during the period under consideration. The paper considers the utility of vaccine during storage, holding cost, purchase cost, manufacturing cost and inspection cost. A fraction of registered individuals who do not turn up for a vaccination is taken into account. All the actions by the player incur carbon emissions. During the whole procedure of vaccination starting from raw material to end user carbon emissions are observed. Carbon emissions in stocking raw material, during inspection, during purchase activity, during set-up and transportation phase and holding it at point of delivery. Maximum carbon emission of 28% occur during purchase activity followed by 21% during transportation at the point of delivery and stocking it at respective places. To follow green policy, carbon tax is levied. A non-linear formulation of the proposed problem is modelled to compute optimum cycle time without allowing shortages. The convexity of the objective function is established through the numerical data. Analysis of carbon emissions and carbon tax levied is carried out through the data. Research Objective: Carbon Emission is one of a cause for ozone layer depletion. Moreover, it causes many ecological disturbances resulting into several environmental temperature variations. These all problem affect an individual’s health. So, there arise a need to frame a mathematical model to decipher relationship between COVID-19 vaccine inventory and effect of carbon emissions. © 2021, The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden.